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To termites, any violation of the tunnels or nests is a cause for alarm. When termites detect a potential breach, the soldiers normally bang their minds, apparently to attract other troops for defence and to recruit additional workers to fix any breach.56 Additionally, an alarmed termite lumps into other termites which causes them to be alarmed and to leave pheromone trails to the disturbed area, which can be a way to recruit additional workers.56.

The pantropical subfamily Nasutitermitinae has a specialised caste of soldiers, also known as nasutes, that have the capability to exude noxious fluids via a horn-like frontal projection they utilize for defence.155 Nasutes have dropped their mandibles throughout the course of evolution and must be fed by workers.59 A vast array of monoterpene hydrocarbon solvents have been identified in the liquids that nasutes secrete.156 Similarly, Formosan subterranean termites have been known to secrete naphthalene to protect their nests.157.

Soldiers of the species Globitermes sulphureus commit suicide by autothysis  rupturing a large gland just beneath the surface of their cuticles. The thick, yellow fluid in the gland becomes quite tacky on contact with the atmosphere, entangling ants or other insects that are trying to invade the nest.158159 Another termite, Neocapriterme taracua, also engages in suicidal defence.

When soldiers guarding nest entrances are attacked by intruders, they engage in autothysis, creating a cube which denies entry to any attacker.161.

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Workers use several different strategies to take care of their deceased, including burying, cannibalism, and avoiding a corpse entirely.162163164 To avoid pathogens, termites occasionally engage in necrophoresis, in which a nestmate carries a corpse from the colony to dispose of it everywhere.165 Which strategy is utilized depends on the nature of the corpse a worker is dealing with (i.e.

A species of fungus is known to mimic termite eggs, successfully avoiding its natural predators. These tiny brown balls, known as"termite balls", seldom kill the eggs, and in some circumstances the workers tend to these.166 This fungus mimics these eggs by producing a cellulose-digesting enzyme known as glucosidases.167 A unique mimicking behaviour exists between different species of Trichopsenius beetles and certain particular species within Reticulitermes.

This compound mimicry makes it possible for the beetles to integrate themselves within the termite colonies.168 The developed appendages on the physogastric abdomen of Austrospirachtha mimetes enables the beetle to mimic a termite worker.169.

Some species of ant have been known to catch termites to utilize as a fresh food source after on, rather than killing them. For instance, Formica nigra captures termites, and people who try to escape are immediately seized and driven underground.170 Certain species of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae conduct these raids although other ant species move in alone to steal the eggs or nymphs.146 Ants such as Megaponera analis assault the exterior of mounds and Dorylinae ants attack underground.146171 Despite this, some termites and ants can coexist peacefully.

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54 species of ants are known to inhabit Nasutitermes mounds, both occupied and abandoned you can look here ones.174 One reason many ants live in Nasutitermes mounds is a result of the termites' frequent occurrence in their geographical range; another is to shield themselves from floods.174175 Iridomyrmex also inhabits termite mounds but no evidence for any kind of directory relationship (other than a one) is known.116 In rare situations, certain species of termites live inside active ant colonies.176 Some invertebrate organisms such as beetles, caterpillars, flies and millipedes are termitophiles and reside inside termite colonies (they are unable to survive independently).56 As a consequence, certain beetles and flies have evolved with their hosts.

Mounds may also offer shelter and warmth to birds, lizards, snakes and scorpions.56.

Termites are known to transport pollen and frequently see blossoms,177 so are considered as potential pollinators for a number of flowering plants.178 One blossom in particular, Rhizanthella gardneri, is regularly pollinated by foraging workers, and it's perhaps the only Orchidaceae blossom in the world to be pollinated by termites.177

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Many plants have grown effective defences against termites. However, seedlings are vulnerable to termite attacks and need additional protection, as their defence mechanisms only grow when they have passed the seedling phase.179 Defence is normally accomplished by secreting antifeedant chemicals into the woody cell walls.180 This lowers the ability of termites to efficiently digest the cellulose.

When retained close to the extract, they get disoriented and eventually perish.181.

Termite populations can be substantially impacted by environmental changes including those caused by human intervention. A Brazilian research investigated the termite assemblages of three websites of Caatinga under different levels of anthropogenic disturbance in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil were sampled using 65 x 2 m transects.182 A total of 26 species of termites had been present in the three websites, and 196 encounters were recorded in the transects.